(Part IV A, Article 51 A)
1.
These were added on the recommendation of Swaran Singh
Committee (1976).
2.
This committee recommended for the inclusion of 8
fundamental duties, the amendment included 10 fundamental duties.
3.
The Fundamental Duties are borrowed from erstwhile
USSR.
4.
The 10 Fundamental Duties were added to the
Constitution in the year 1976 through 42nd amendment.
5.
The 11th Fundamental Duty was added in the
year 2002 through the 86th amendment of the Indian Constitution.
THE 11
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES:
These duties are laid down in the Article 51A.
a)
To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and
institutions, the National Flag and National Anthem
b)
To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired
our national struggle for freedom.
c)
To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and
integrity of India.
d)
To defend the country and render national service when
called upon so
e)
To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional
or sectional diversities to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of
women.
f)
To value and preserve the rich heritage of our
composite culture.
g)
To protect and improve the natural environment
including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for
living creatures
h)
To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit
of inquiry and reform
i)
To safeguard public property and abjure violence.
j)
To strive towards excellence in all spheres of
individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to
higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
k)
Every parent or guardian is to provide opportunities
for education to his/her child or ward between the age of 6 and 14.