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Catskill Mountain in USA is an example for the
WORLD MOUNTAINS:
ü The study of Mountains is called Orography.
ü A Mountain is a large land form.
ü It stretches above the surrounding land in a
limited area.
ü Olympus Mons on the planet Mars is the
highest (21,171 met) known mountain in the solar system.
ü The Mountain reaches the colder layers of the
atmosphere.
ü The peak shape is produced because of the
continuous erosion.
ü The mountains are divided into 5 major types.
·
Fold Mountains
·
Fault Block Mountains
·
Volcanic Mountains
·
Dome Mountains
·
Plateau Mountains
FOLD MOUNTAINS:
ü These are the most common type of mountains.
ü These types of Mountains are formed because
of the collision of the plates.
ü There are many folders in the mountains.
ü These folders break down under pressure.
ü These folds are called Nappe.
ü These are again divided into
v Old Fold Mountains
v New or Young Fold Mountains
OLD FOLD MOUNTAINS:
ü These include Caledonian and Hercynian
mountains of central Europe, the highlands of Scotland.
YOUNG FOLD MOUNTAINS:
ü These are the complex folding of the rocks.
ü Alps Mountains are the other examples of the
Young Fold Mountains.
BLOCK MOUNTAINS:
ü These are either lifted or tilted.
ü Lifted mountains have two steep sides.
ü Tilted mountains have one steep side.
ü Vindhya and Satpura Mountains in India are
the examples of Block Mountains.
VOLCANIC MOUNTAINS:
ü These are formed due to volcanic eruptions.
ü The Magma comes on to the surface of the
earth and piles up.
ü
Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Pinatubo in Philippines are the examples
of volcanic mountains.
DOME MOUNTAINS:
ü In this case the Magma is not erupted.
ü The magma cools down and forms the core of
the mountain.
ü Navajo Mountain in USA is an example for Dome
Mountains.
PLATEAU MOUNTAINS:
They are formed because of the erosion.
Catskill Mountain in USA is an example for the
plateau Mountains.
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