KALYANSIR.COM
The total quantity of water in out river system is
164,450 crore cubic meter.
There are various reasons for water scarcity:
ü The
rainfall is highly variable.
ü 18%
of water available is polluted and not fit for drinking.
ü Almost
all parts of India are affected either by flood or drought.
ü There
is no equality with respect to water resource distribution both in terms of
space and time.
ü Demand
for water is increasing due to rapid increase in population.
ü There
is a poor ground water resource due to deforestation and overgrazing.
ü The
storage facilities are very poor.
ü The
cultivation of hybrid varieties of crops requires more irrigation.
ü Through
evaporation lot of water that is stored in large reservoirs is lost
ü Dumping
of various types of pollutants into water bodies reduce its usability.
MAJOR
IRRIGATION PROJECTS:
Punjab
and Haryana
ü Upper
Bari Doab Canal from Ravi at Madhopur.
ü Western
Jamuna canal from Jamuna at Tejawala.
ü Sirhind
Feeder from Ferozepur Feeder at Malanwala.
ü Sirhind
Canal from Sutlej at Ropar.
ü Bhakra
Canal from Bhakra Dam (This is the
largest dam in India).
ü Nangal
Canal from Nangal Dam.
ü Eastern
Grey canal from Sutlej near Ferozepur.
Uttar
Pradesh:
ü Lower
Ganga Canal from Ganga at Narora.
ü Upper
Ganga Canal from Ganga at Haridwar.
ü Eastern
yamuna Canal from Yamuna near Faizabad.
ü Agra
Canal from Jamuna at Okhla.
ü Betwa
Canal from Betwa at Paricha.
ü Sharda
Sahayak & Sharda Sagar from Sharda.
Bihar:
ü Soan
Canal from Soan near Dehri.
ü Triveni
Canal from Triveni at Triveni.
ü Eastern
Kosi Canal from Kosi.
ü Eastern
Gandak Canal from Gandak.
Madhya
Pradesh:
ü Mahanadi
Canal from Mahanadi at Rudri.
ü Waininganga
Canal from Wainganga.
ü Tandula
Canal from Tandula and Sukha rivers.
Rajasthan:
ü Ganga
Canal in Ganganaar district
ü Jawai
Project on Jawai river.
ü Chambal
Project from Chambal.
ü Rajasthan
Canal Project Water from Sutlej, Beas & Ravi.
Maharashtra:
Pravara River
Canal on the river Pravara at Bhandara.
Nira Canal
Project on the river Yelwandi at Bhatagar.
Mutha Canal
Project on the river Mutha at Khandakavasla.
Andhra
Pradesh:
ü Godavari
Delta Project
ü Krishna
Delta Project.
ü Kurnool-Cuddapah
Canal
ü Mallipuram
Dam-on tungabhadra river.
ü Pochampad
Project
ü Kadam
Project
Tamil
Nadu:
ü Cauvery
Delta Canal
ü Lower
Bhawani Project
ü Parambikulam-Aliyar
Project
ü Manimuthar
Project
ü Grand
Anicut
Karnataka:
ü Ghataprabha
Valley Scheme- on Ghataprabha.
ü Bhadra
Project-on Bhadra
ü Kabini
Project
ü Upper
Krishna Project
Kerala:
ü Malempuzha
Project
ü Pamba
Canal.
Gujarat:
ü Mahi
Project-I-on Mahi
ü Kondana
Project- on Mahi.
ü Dontiwada
Project- on Banas
ü Ukai
Project
Orissa:
ü Taldanda
Canal
ü Mahanandi
Delta Project
Other
Major Irrigation & Power Projects:
Bhakra-Nangal
Project:
ü This
is a Joint venture of Punjab, Haryana & Rajasthan.
ü This
is constructed on the river Sutlej.
ü Bhakra
Dam is the highest straightway gravity dam in the world.
ü This
is with a reservoir named 'Govindsagar lake'.
ü Bakra
Nangal Dam is 13 km, downstream of Bhakra dam. It has four power houses (total
1204 Mw) at Gonguwal, Kotta, Left Bank and Right Bank.
Rihand-Dam
Project:
ü This
is built across the river Rihand on Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh border in
Mirzapur District.
ü Rihard
is the longest manmade lake in India.
ü The
reservoir is known as the 'Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar'.
Chambal
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
ü This
is built on the river Chambal.
ü The
Chambal project comprises there dams viz Gandhi Sagar Dam (Madhya Pradesh),
Rana Pratap Sagar (Rajasthan) and Jawahar Sagar( Rajasthan).
Gandak
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Nepal.
ü This
is built on the Gadak River.
Nagarjuna
Sagar Project:
ü This
is located in Andhra Pradesh.
ü This
is built on the Krishna River near Nandikonda village of Krishna district.
Kosi Project:
ü This is built on
the River Kosi.
ü This is a
joint venture of Bihar & Nepal, a barrage near Hanumannagar in Nepal.
Tungabhadra
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture between Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
ü This
is built across the river Tungabhadra.
Beas
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture of Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
ü This
is built across the river Beas and a dam at 'Pong'.
Hirakund
Project:
ü This is the longest dam in the world.
ü This is built across the river
Mahanandi in Orissa.
Damodar Valley
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture between West Bengal and Bihar.
ü This
project has a series of small dams on the tributaries of river Damodar Thailaya
(R.Barakr), Konar (R. Kokar), Mainthan (R.Barakar), Panchet (R. Damodar).
ü This
project has three thermal Power stations at Bokaro, Chandrapura & Durgapur.
Kakrapar
Project:
ü The
project is located in Gujarat.
ü This
is built across the river Tapi in Gujarat.
Machkund
Project:
ü This
is a joint venture between Andhra Pradesh and Orissa.
ü This
is built across the river Machkund.
Malprabha
Project:
ü This
is located in Karnataka.
ü This
is built across the river Malaprabha.
Mayurakshi
Project:
ü This
is located in West Bengal.
ü This
is built across the river Mayurakshi.
Hansdev
Bango Project:
ü This is located in Madhya Pradesh.
ü The project is built across the river
Hansdev.
Bhima
Project:
ü This
is located in Maharashtra.
ü This
is built over the river Krishna.
ü The
project has two dams viz Pabnadam at river Pabna and Ujjaini dam.
Jaikwadi
Project:
ü This
is located in Maharashtra.
ü This
project is built across the river Godavari.
Tawa
irrigation Project:
ü This
is located in Madhya Pradesh.
ü This
is built across the river Tawa.
ü The
river Tawa is a tributary of Narmada.
Tehri
Dam Project:
ü This
is located in Uttar Pradesh.
ü This
is built over the river Bhagirathi near Dev Prayag.