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ü 100th amendment – 8th
Schedule has been amended and the languages Bodo, Dongri, Maithili and Santhali
are added. The number of languages in the 8th schedule is 22.
ü 104th
amendment: This is meant for providing quota to socially and
educationally backward classes in private educational institutions.
ü 108th amendment – Meant for providing 33 percent
of reservation for women in Parliament and state legislative assemblies. This
was introduced in Rajya Sabha and passed. The bill says that the proposed
reservation cease to exist in 15 years from the date of commencement.
ü 109th amendment – Extension of
reservation for SC’s, ST’s and Anglo-Indians in Parliament and state
legislatures up to the year 2020. This amendment alters the Article 334 of the
Constitution and replaces “Sixty Years” with “Seventy Years”.
ü 110th Constitutional amendment
– Increasing reservation for women in Panchayati Raj bodies from the existing
33 percent to 50 percent. This amends Article 243D
of the Constitution.
ü 111th amendment Bill (2009) – Meant for
providing constitutional status to cooperative societies. This adds a new
Directive Principle of State Policy for cooperatives. This also inserts a new
part IX B in the Constitution. Addition of new Articles 243ZH through 243ZT.
ü This
would enshrine the right to form cooperative societies as a fundamental right
along with the right to set up a specialized agency on the lines of election
commission to conduct election of the cooperative societies. This bill seeks to
widen the scope of Article 19 of the Indian Constitution to include cooperative
societies, besides touching up on the Directive Principles of State Policy as
well for the purpose.
ü This
bill will insulate about 6 lakh cooperative societies from political and
government interferences and to strength the cooperative movement.
ü This
permits for the voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control
and professional management of cooperative societies.
ü This
bill was passed in the Rajya Sabha on December 28, 2011 with 154 members voting
in favor and 43 opposing it. The bill has already been approved by the Lok
Sabha. (Members of CPI, CPI (M) and the BJD opposed the bill saying it was
encroaching upon the rights of the states.
ü This
bill provides for the reservation of one seat for the SCs or STs and 2 seats
for women on the board of every society provided it had individuals as members
from these categories. The term of the members is 5 years.
ü 112th amendment – Increasing
reservation for women in Municipalities (Urban Local Bodies) from the existing
33 percent to 50 percent. This amends the Article 243T
of the Constitution.
ü 113th Amendment- Meant for changing
the name of the state of “Orissa” to “Odisha” and the name of the language
“Oriya” to “Odia”.
ü 114th
amendment: This is meant for
increasing the retirement age of High Court judges from 62 years to 65 years.
ü 115th
amendment: This is meant for
introducing GST (Goods and Service Tax) in the Indian Constitution.
ü 116th
amendment – This is under consideration. This is
meant for providing Constitutional status for Lok pal. The bill was defeated
(not passed) in the Lok Sabha on December 27, 2011.
ü 117th
Amendment: This is meant to extend the benefits
of quota in promotions to all the Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes and
also to override Article 335 of the Indian Constitution that requires their
claims to be balanced by concern for the efficiency of government.
ü 118th
Amendment: This is meant to insert an article 371J
in the Indian Constitution. This empowers the Governor of Karnataka to take
steps to develop Hyderabad-Karnataka region. (Hyderabad-Karnataka includes the
districts of Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur, Koppal, Yadgir and Bellary)
ü 119th
Amendment: This is meant for exchanging the
territories between India and Bangladesh involving Assam, West Bengal,
Meghalaya and Tripura.